Week of December 19, 2022

Officers did not violate First Amendment rights of arrestees by searching their religious headgear incident to their arrest.

Under Iowa law, arrestee’s passive refusal to comply with detectives’ request to enter home for welfare check on arrestee’s daughter did not constitute resistance or obstruction as crime to interfere with official acts and thus there was no probable cause for arrest; no arguable probable cause and no qualified immunity.

Officers had at least arguable probable cause to arrest Moorish Americans for refusing to leave courthouse when ordered to do so after declining to submit to security screening; 1836 U.S.-Morocco Treaty of Peace and Friendship did not clearly establish a right for Moorish Americans to enter courthouse without security screening.

School resource officer used excessive force by grabbing student’s face, slamming him to ground, and twisting his arm, where student was not aggressive, did not pose immediate threat or disobey officer’s commands, was not attempting to flee, and officer was not attempting to arrest student at the time; no qualified immunity.

County policy of notifying ICE whenever foreign-born person was arrested and then detaining and transferring person into ICE custody violated detainee’s equal protection rights.