Week of December 9, 2022

Fleeing armed robber crashed into plaintiff’s tailor shop following police chase and
police fired bullets which hit shop and traumatized shop owner; substantive due process
excessive force claim dismissed because officers did not have opportunity to deliberate,
and no officer intended to harm shop owner.

Where officer pulled driver over for traffic violation, collected driver’s paperwork, ran warrant check, typed up
citation, and returned to vehicle, ordering driver out of vehicle for dog sniff at that point
unreasonably prolonged traffic stop in violation of clearly established Fourth
Amendment rights.