Dennis v. City of Philadelphia

Plaintiff claimed officers fabricated evidence and deliberately deceived the court by concealing evidence of other individuals who had confessed involvement with the murder and coercing and concealing other witnesses, fabricating physical evidence, and concealing evidence that supported an alibi defense; officers argued that the claimed constitutional rights did not exist at the time (1992) because Brady had not been decided; court denied qualified immunity because it found clearly established the rights to be free from being framed by fabricated evidence and perjured testimony and from deliberate deception, that is, the knowing use of false testimony or other fabricated evidence or concealing evidence to create false testimony to secure a conviction.